What is Action Research?
Action research is a form of applied research where researchers examine topics in order to gain a deeper understanding which can then be applied to improve or remedy practices. It differs from traditional academic research in that it focuses on solving current practical problems within a particular organization or community rather than increasing knowledge within a discipline. Action research incorporates data collection and analysis, but it is usually much more applied in nature.
Action research projects aim to not only provide insights and expand understanding, but also to lead directly to positive changes and improvements in the organizations or communities being studied. There is an emphasis on taking practical steps to remedy issues identified in the research process rather than simply studying and reporting on them. This collaborative approach between researchers and participants is a defining characteristic of action research.
Some key aspects of action research include:
It is collaborative – Action research involves partnership between the researchers conducting the study and the members of the community or organization being studied. Participants are actively involved in planning, data collection, analysis, and applying outcomes.
It is cyclical – Action research follows cyclical processes of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The results of one cycle inform the next as researchers refine their approach based on learnings.
It aims for practical outcomes – The goal of action research is not just to increase academic understanding but also to directly improve practices and solve real problems through active participation.
The researcher is a participant – Those leading the action research are directly engaged in the research process and are part of the organization or community under study rather than detached outside observers.
It uses various qualitative and quantitative methods – While qualitative approaches are common, action research draws on multiple research methods including interviews, observations, surveys, document analysis, focus groups, etc. to gain a comprehensive understanding.
Dissemination of results has practical focus – The results of action research are shared not only within academic circles but more importantly with the participants and organizations involved to facilitate positive changes.
Effective Action Research Introduction Examples
When writing an action research paper, the introduction serves an important purpose of setting up the context, focus, and importance of the study. Here are some effective approaches you can take in crafting an introduction for an action research paper:
Identify the Problem/Issue
Clearly state the problem or issue being examined within the specific organization or community context. Provide concrete examples and evidence establishing a need for the action research. This helps readers understand why this particular topic warrants investigation.
Review Previous Research
Summarize any previous studies, projects or data that have examined related problems within the field. Note any gaps, limitations or inconclusive findings that point to a need for further examination through the planned action research project.
Describe the Research Setting
Provide an overview of the organization, community or social setting where the action research will take place. Help readers understand the relevant characteristics, structures, cultures or populations involved. This establishes the context for interpreting and applying findings.
Define the Research Purpose
Directly state the purpose and goals of the action research project in addressing the identified problem. Explain how the research intends to yield practical insights and strategies for positive changes through collaborative participation.
Preview Research Questions/Methods
Give a brief synopsis of the key research questions that will guide data collection and analysis. Also include a high-level overview of the planned qualitative, quantitative or mixed research methods to showcase how a comprehensive examination will occur.
Highlight Expected Outcomes and Significance
Explain the potential practical outcomes envisioned through the action research. Emphasize how the results could improve practices, policies or conditions for the involved stakeholders. Communicate why the topic and potential findings warrant attention within and beyond the immediate research context.
Introduce the Researcher’s Role
Provide context on your role as an action researcher within the setting. Note any relevant experiences or positionality that informs your approach to the collaborative work. This establishes your credibility and commitment to participatory practices.
The introduction frames the action research study by introducing the problem context, previous knowledge, research purpose and questions, collaborative nature of the work, and expected applied outcomes. Together these elements invite readers to understand the relevance and importance of examining the issue through this applied, participatory means. A strong introduction establishes the rationale and lays the foundation for clearly communicating methods and findings.
Some Additional Tips for Effective Action Research Introductions:
Keep introductions focused and concise while still addressing all necessary components. Aim for 500 words or less.
Use a narrative style that flows logically between topics rather than a list-like presentation.
Incorporate examples, quotes or stories from your setting and participants when possible to enliven the writing.
Employ a tone that conveys your commitment to collaborative practice and practical problem-solving outcomes.
Closely link all sections back to the research setting, purpose and expected significance of findings.
Review and refine introductions based on feedback from research participants.
Have introductions clearly outline how the research aims to directly benefit stakeholders in the short and long-term.
Action research introductions play an important role in setting up readers to understand why this applied, collaborative work matters within its specific organizational or community context. With clear examples and a narrative flow, authors can paint the picture of the research landscape and successfully invite readers on the journey.
Andrew Stroud