Writing a research paper on autism can seem like a daunting task, but following the proper APA format guidelines will make the process much smoother. This guide will explain key elements of the APA style that should be used when writing an autism research paper, including the title page, abstract, citations, and references.
The Title Page
The title page should contain four elements: the running head, the title, the name of the author, and the institutional affiliation. The running head is an abbreviated title no more than 50 characters, including spaces, and is placed in all capital letters and flush left at the top of the page. The full title is centered underneath and should capture the essence of the topic in 12 words or fewer. Center the name of the author below the title, followed by the institutional affiliation centered on the next line.
Abstract
An abstract should follow the title page and provide a brief yet comprehensive summary of the key points in the paper. The abstract should be between 150-250 words and include the purpose of the study, research questions or hypotheses, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. Start with the label “Abstract” centered and not bolded or underlined. The abstract should be written in block format, which means that the paragraphs are not indented.
Paper Sections and Subheadings
The main body of the paper should consist of an introduction, literature review, methods, results, and discussion sections. Each section may contain additional subheadings for organization. The introduction presents the background and purpose of the research study. The literature review analyzes and synthesizes previous research on the topic. Methods contain detailed descriptions of procedures, participants, measures, and analyses. Results objectively report statistical findings without interpretation. Discussion ties the results back to the research questions and provides conclusions supported by evidence.
Citations and References
In-text citations should be formatted with the last name of the author and year of publication in parentheses. For direct quotes, the page or paragraph number should also be included. The reference list appears at the end of the paper organized alphabetically by the last name of the author. Each reference should include the author(s), publication year, title, source, and publisher information. Refer to the 6th edition of the APA manual for specific formatting guidelines of different source types such as books, journal articles, websites, etc.
Key Elements to Address in an Autism Research Paper
There are several elements that an effective autism research paper would address, including:
Defining and describing autism spectrum disorder based on the latest diagnostic criteria from the DSM-5. Explain the key diagnostic features and levels of severity.
Discussing etiology theories of autism including the role of genetics, environment, brain development, prenatal factors, and potential causes. Analyze strengths and limitations of prevailing theories.
Assessing diagnostic assessments used to identify autism such as gold standard tools, alternative methods, challenges in diagnosis of certain subgroups.
Reviewing evidence-based interventions including applied behavior analysis (ABA), developmental social-pragmatic models, speech-language therapy, occupational therapy, medication, dietary approaches. Analyze efficacy and limitations.
Addressing issues of autism across the lifespan such as transition to adulthood, employment and independent living, challenges of aging, impact on families and caregivers over time.
Exploring topics related to autism services including educational programming, community support programs, barriers to care, advocacy needs, public policy considerations.
Discussing directions for future research on autism including etiology, early detection, innovative treatment methods, translational approaches, impact of technology and society.
Provide conclusion summarizing key findings and implications of the research reviewed for professionals, families and individuals on the autism spectrum. Limitations could also be noted.
By following these APA format guidelines and addressing salient elements, students can demonstrate their understanding of autism and ability to synthesize research through a well-structured research paper. Contact the professor if any clarification is needed on writing an APA paper on autism.