The introduction is the first page of a research paper and serves as a crucial first impression. A strong introduction draws the reader in, sets the topic of discussion and scope, and provides context for the research. Here are tips for crafting an effective introductory page for a research paper.
The opening paragraph should start broadly and zoom in on the specific topic. For example, if the paper discusses education reform, start by mentioning broader issues facing the education system before narrowing in on the particular reform being examined, such as changes to teacher tenure policies. Providing this orientation gives the reader perspective on where the research fits within the larger field of study.
The second paragraph should present the thesis statement, which is one sentence clearly stating the main argument or conclusion of the paper. An effective thesis tells readers the specific aspect of the topic that will be addressed based on evidence gathered from research. For instance, a thesis on education reform may state “This paper will demonstrate how recent changes to teacher tenure policies in several states have negatively impacted the retention of experienced and effective teachers.”
Subsequent introductory paragraphs provide relevant context and review existing literature to set the stage for the thesis. Discussing one to three scholarly sources that relate to the topic gives validity to the research question. Summarize each source’s key argument or finding and how it informs the thesis. For example, if citing sources that have found teacher experience is linked to student outcomes, explain their methodology and conclusion before relating it to how tenure impacts teacher experience levels.
Introductory paragraphs should demonstrate to readers the significance of the topic. Discuss how it may impact society, advance knowledge in the field, fill in gaps, or bring attention to under-researched areas. For the education example, the conclusion that tenure changes hurt teacher quality could have major implications for students and the education system as a whole if backed by evidence. Emphasizing significance engages readers by conveying the paper’s importance and potential impact.
When reviewing sources, identify any gaps, contradictions, or opportunities for further discussion as an additional way to show what questions the paper will address. For instance, two prior studies on tenure may have conflicting findings on whether it protects effective teachers; exploring this contradiction could be a niche the research aims to fill. Highlighting such gaps introduces the specific value and contribution of the research.
The introduction should conclude by foreshadowing how the rest of the paper will be organized to fully develop and support the thesis. A brief one sentence overview of each section provides a roadmap and piques readers’ interest in wanting to learn more. For a paper with 3-4 body paragraphs, state something along the lines of “The following section will analyze changes to tenure laws and their effects. Next, interviews with teachers will be presented regarding retention decisions. Finally, student achievement statistics pre- and post- tenure reform will be examined.”
Clear, compelling introductions set positive first impressions that make readers want to continue investing their time in learning more about the research and argument. Well-structured intros provide readers with important context and orientation before delving into the substantive sections. Taking the time to craft an introduction meeting the guidelines above maximizes the potential for a research paper to effectively engage readers and achieve its purpose of advancing knowledge on a topic.