The ACT writing test is a 40-minute essay that requires you to analyze a given argument and consider multiple perspectives on the topic. Scoring well on this task requires planning, organization, strong argumentation, and sophisticated writing. Here are some essential tips to help you excel on the ACT essay:
Brainstorm and Plan Your Essay Structure. The first 5 minutes of the writing test should be spent brainstorming and outlining your essay structure before you start writing. Review the prompt to identify the core argument and consider different perspectives you could take. Plan to discuss both sides of the argument in your introduction, have 2-3 body paragraphs discussing each perspective, and conclude by restating your overall analysis. Having a solid outline will help you stay organized and ensure you thoroughly address all parts of the prompt.
Discuss Both Sides of the Argument. The prompt will present one clear position but your job is to consider multiple viewpoints on the issue. Be sure to discuss the perspective presented in the prompt as well as thoughtfully consider an alternative viewpoint. Merely dismissing the opposing side or failing to adequately discuss both will negatively impact your score. Use specific reasons and examples to support each perspective and directly address counterarguments.
Analyze the Reasoning Behind Each Perspective. It’s not enough to simply state positions – you must analyze the underlying logical reasoning and assumptions behind each perspective. Identify possible strengths and weaknesses in the reasoning approach for both sides. Consider things like possible biases, limitations in evidence, logical inconsistencies or gaps, ambiguous terms, and questionable generalizations that are part of the reasoning process. Your analysis will demonstrate a sophisticated critical thinking approach.
Use Clear Transitions and Cohesive Paragraph Structure. Each body paragraph should have a clear topic sentence directly addressing part of the prompt, followed by analysis and evidence to support the point. Transition words like “furthermore,” “moreover,” “however,” and “additionally” should smoothly guide the reader between ideas. Within paragraphs, vary sentence structures and carefully link concepts between sentences using phrases like “As a result…”, “Because of this…”, or “This demonstrates that…” Effective paragraph structure and flow are important organizational elements.
Cite Relevant Evidence and Examples. While you do not need outside research for the ACT writing, using specific examples and real-world cases will strengthen your analysis. Look for opportunities within the passage to cite relevant evidence, statistics, or examples to ground your perspective in tangible experience. Compare cases, draw parallels, and look for exceptions when analyzing reasoning. Citing evidence is more persuasive and demonstrates a sophisticated approach compared to argument through assertion alone.
Employ Sophisticated Word Choice and Syntax. While the ACT does not directly assess vocabulary, more advanced word choice can enhance analysis and set a formal academic tone. Replace simplistic language with more precise vocabulary where appropriate. Vary sentence structures between complex, compound, and simple styles. Use parallel phrasing carefully and avoid run-on sentences. Check for ambiguous pronouns and ensure clear antecedents. Polished syntax shows your writing abilities exceed a basic level.
Provide a Strong Introduction and Conclusion. Your introduction paragraph should establish the scope of the issue, paraphrase the key argument and perspectives to be discussed, and provide a clear thesis stating your overall position on the argument. For the conclusion, restate the assessment from your introduction, briefly summarize the perspectives analyzed in body paragraphs, and leave the reader with a final thought on how your analysis contributes to understanding the argument. Bookend your essay with impactful opening and closing paragraphs.
Leave Time for Proofreading. Once you finish your essay, don’t submit it immediately. Set aside the last 5 minutes to carefully proofread what you’ve written. Check for any errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation or inaccurate word choices. Reread your analysis to ensure logical flow and internal consistency. Proofreading catches small mistakes that could otherwise undermine an otherwise strong analysis, so use every second of the allotted time wisely.
Practice, Practice, Practice. The ACT writing section requires you to perform under timed conditions. There is no substitute for practicing multiple full-length timed essays with different prompts. Review sample responses and rubrics to assess your own strengths and weaknesses. Focus your practice on areas needing improvement like analysis, evidence usage, or proofreading. With regular practice of full essays over varied prompts, you’ll feel confident and prepared on test day.
Following these comprehensive tips can help you deliver a top-scoring ACT writing response. With strong planning, analysis of multiple perspectives, well-crafted paragraphs, cited evidence, sophisticated writing, and careful proofreading, you’ll demonstrate the critical thinking and writing abilities needed to excel on this important section of the ACT. Be sure to practice applying each strategy as you work through example prompts. Approaching the test with an organized and well-practiced strategy in place will lead to your best possible essay on test day.
Andrew Stroud