The general format for a research paper consists of an introduction, five main headings with supporting subheadings, and a conclusion. Here is a more detailed explanation of each section:
Introduction (1500-2500 characters)
The introduction should introduce the topic, provide background information, state the research problem or question, briefly explain the significance of the research, and include a one to two sentence thesis statement. Some key points:
The first paragraph should capture the reader’s interest and introduce the topic. Discuss the background and context needed to understand the research problem.
The second paragraph should explicitly state the research problem or question. Clearly articulate what it is you plan to investigate.
The third paragraph discusses why the research is important and its significance. Explain how answering the research question can fill gaps, address controversies or have practical applications.
Conclude with a clear, focused thesis statement that previews the key points to be discussed in the body paragraphs. The thesis should justify why this research is worth doing.
Main Headings (3000-4500 characters each)
The body of the paper consists of multiple main sections using headings to organize your content and arguments. Each section should support the thesis and address a key aspect of the research problem or question. Some guidelines:
Use 3-5 main headings in the body, however many you need to fully address the research problem/question.
Introduce each section and link it back to the thesis statement/research question. Provide a clear roadmap of what will be discussed.
Discuss or argue a key point in each section with multiple paragraphs of supporting details, theories, evidence, or critical analysis.
Cite credible academic sources and weave quoted and paraphrased evidence into your own analysis to build persuasive arguments.
Conclude each section by summarizing the key findings or insights. Link it back to the overall research and lay the foundation for subsequent sections.
Some common main headings are the Literature Review, Methodology, Findings/Results, Discussion/Analysis. The specific headings will vary based on the research.
Supporting Subheadings (1000-2000 characters each)
Large main sections can be further organized by including supporting subheadings for key subtopics or transitions within each body paragraph:
Break sections into logical supporting subsections with clear headings.
Subheadings allow for smooth transitions between related topics within a section.
Use 2-4 supporting subheadings per main section as needed based on content complexity.
Be consistent in formatting subheadings versus main section headings for easy reading.
State the subtopic and link it back to the main point being discussed within that section.
Conclusion (1500-2500 characters)
The conclusion restates the research problem/question and summarizes the main points and findings:
Briefly restate the research problem and significance of the topic discussed.
Summarize the key insights or findings from each body section. Synthesize how together they address the research question.
Do not merely repeat what was already stated but emphasize the importance of the results or overall implications.
Specify limitations, make recommendations, or suggest directions for future related research.
Conclude with a final statement that ties together the importance and broader relevance of your research.
Following this general structure and guidelines will help ensure your research paper is well organized and effectively communicates your key arguments and analysis. Proper formatting is important for clearly presenting your work.